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Gender affects the correlation between depression and weight in children and adolescents
The results of a large community-based study have shown that the probability of major depressive disorder in children and adolescents with high, low, or normal body mass index differs according to gender. Underweight boys and overweight girls have an increased risk of depression, according to the study published in Childhood Obesity, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. Click here to read the full-text article free on the Childhood Obesity website through ...
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News - 6/13/2019
Weighing risks and benefits of drug treatment for major depression: Research summary from the Journal of the American Geriatrics Society
Depression is a common and serious problem for older adults. Some 15 to 20 percent of people aged 65 and older who live independently deal with symptoms of major depressive disorder. For residents of nursing homes, the rates of depression may be as high as 50 percent. For some people, medication is an effective part of treatment for depression. However, when considering whether to prescribe antidepressant medication for older adults, healthcare providers must weigh the ...
American Geriatrics Society - 6/12/2019
Parents of depressed teens in treatment may also benefit from counseling: Family relationships were stable while teen was in treatment; marital satisfaction worsened post-treatment
Teen depression can affect parents' marital satisfaction, a new Northwestern Medicine study has found. Parents often seek mental health treatment for a child struggling with depression, but the treatment shouldn’t stop with the depressed teen, suggests the study. The study found that while depressed teens were involved in active treatment, parents’ marriages and parent-child conflict remained stable. Once the teens’ treatment had finished, however, parents’ marital relationships ...
Northwestern University - 6/6/2019
Weak upper and lower body physical performance associated with depression and anxiety: New study confirms elevated depressive and/or anxiety symptoms in midlife women with limited physical strength and activity
Physical fitness is associated with a number of key health outcomes, including heart disease, cognition, mortality, and an overall feeling of well-being. A new study from Singapore now links physical performance with mental health and emotions, suggesting that weak upper and lower body fitness can cause more serious depression and anxiety in midlife women. Results are published online today in Menopause, the journal of The North American Menopause Society (NAMS).
The North American Menopause Society (NAMS) - 6/5/2019
Is 'clean eating' just dirty rhetoric? New research on 'clean eating' explores potential link to eating disorders
New research published today in the Journal of Eating Disorders finds "clean eating" is perceived as overwhelmingly positive by young people, but those optimistic impressions of "clean diets" may signal a risk for eating disorders. Scientists are also calling for additional research to better understand the nature of the "clean eating" diet fad.
Dickinson College - 6/3/2019
Can Cannabinoids Help Treat Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
The body’s endocannabinoid system, due to the critical role it plays in regulating neurotransmitter signaling, is an enticing target for drug development against disorders associated with anxiety, stress, and repetitive behaviors, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). A comprehensive new review article that provides an overview of this complex system, endogenous and exogenous cannabinoids, results of animal studies and human trials to date, and recommendations for ...
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News - 5/31/2019
Children who nap are happier, excel academically, and have fewer behavioral problems
Ask just about any parent whether napping has benefits and you'll likely hear a resounding "yes," particularly for the child's mood, energy levels, and school performance. New research from the University of Pennsylvania and the University of California, Irvine, published in the journal SLEEP backs up that parental insight. A study of nearly 3,000 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders ages 10-12 revealed a connection between midday napping and greater happiness, self-control, and grit; fewer ...
University of Pennsylvania - 5/31/2019
Depression sufferers at risk of multiple chronic diseases
Women who experience symptoms of depression are at risk of developing multiple chronic diseases, research led by The University of Queensland has found. UQ School of Public Health PhD scholar Xiaolin Xu said women who experienced symptoms of depression, even without a clinical diagnosis, were at risk of developing multiple chronic diseases. "These days, many people suffer from multiple chronic diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, stroke and cancer," Mr Xu said.
University of Queensland - 5/30/2019
'Ecstasy' shows promise for post-traumatic stress treatment: Psychotherapy and medication proves helpful for chronic sufferers
An international study involving researchers from UBC Okanagan has shown that MDMA, also known as ecstasy, may be a valuable tool for treating post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Published recently in Psychopharmacology, the study demonstrated substantial improvements in individuals who had not responded to prior treatments, explains UBCO Associate Professor of psychology Zach Walsh. This is also, he adds, the most comprehensive evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of ...
University of British Columbia Okanagan campus - 5/29/2019
When drug treatment for social anxiety is insufficient: TALK THERAPY effectively works in the long run
A Japanese study group clarified that cognitive therapy* maintained its effects more than a year after the end of therapy for patients with a social anxiety disorder (SAD) even for those who did not respond to antidepressant drugs. The study was published online in the journal Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics* on May 23, 2019. The experiment was led by two experts on cognitive therapy in Japan, Dr. Naoki Yoshinaga, lecturer at University of Miyazaki, and Dr. Eiji Shimizu, professor at ...
University of Miyazaki - 5/28/2019
Self-harm images on Instagram associated with subsequent self-harm in viewers
Research has documented the widespread availability of graphic images of self-harm, such as cuttings, on the photo-sharing platform Instagram. After a British father said his 14-year-old daughter had viewed such explicit images on Instagram prior to her suicide, the platform announced that it would no longer allow such graphic images to appear. But little is known about how often such graphic images reach Instagram's users and whether they have an effect on viewers.
Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania - 5/28/2019
Study shows people fail to recognise male postnatal depression: New research led by Anglia Ruskin University shows significant gender differences
A new study shows that people are almost twice as likely to correctly identify signs of postnatal depression in women than in men. The research, published in the Journal of Mental Health and led by Professor Viren Swami of Anglia Ruskin University, involved 406 British adults aged between 18 and 70. The participants were presented with case studies of a man and a woman both displaying symptoms of postnatal depression, a mental health issue which affects as many as 13% of new parents.
Anglia Ruskin University - 5/13/2019
Anger more harmful to health of older adults than sadness: Associated with increased inflammation, which can lead to chronic disease, study says
Anger may be more harmful to an older person's physical health than sadness, potentially increasing inflammation, which is associated with such chronic illnesses as heart disease, arthritis and cancer, according to new research published by the American Psychological Association. "As most people age, they simply cannot do the activities they once did, or they may experience the loss of a spouse or a decline in their physical mobility and they can become angry," said Meaghan A. Barlow, MA, ...
American Psychological Association - 5/9/2019
For teens, online bullying worsens sleep and depression: Nearly 15 percent of high school students report being bullied online
Teens who experience cyberbullying are more likely to suffer from poor sleep, which in turn raises levels of depression, found a University at Buffalo study. Although research has examined the relationship between online bullying and depression, the UB study is one of few to explore the connection between cyber victimization and sleep quality. The study surveyed more than 800 adolescents for sleep quality, cyber aggression and depression.
University at Buffalo - 5/9/2019
Stress in early life could make people more likely to develop depression
New research by the University of Bristol has found that early life adversity could make an individual more at risk of developing negative thinking, which could lead to major depressive disorder (MDD). The findings provide biological and psychological evidence to support work first proposed in the 1960s.
University of Bristol - 5/8/2019
A moody gut often accompanies depression -- new study helps explain why
For people with depression, gastrointestinal distress is a common additional burden, and a new study suggests that for some, the two conditions arise from the same glitch in neuron chemistry--low serotonin. The study, conducted in mice, shows that a shortage of serotonin in the neurons of the gut can cause constipation, just as a serotonin shortage in the brain can lead to depression. The study also found that a treatment that raises serotonin in the gut and the brain may alleviate both ...
Columbia University Irving Medical Center - 5/7/2019
Perseverance toward life goals can fend off depression, anxiety, panic disorders: Looking on the bright side also acts as a safeguard, according to 18-year study
People who don't give up on their goals (or who get better over time at not giving up on their goals) and who have a positive outlook appear to have less anxiety and depression and fewer panic attacks, according to a study of thousands of Americans over the course of 18 years. Surprisingly, a sense of control did not have an effect on the mental health of participants across time.
American Psychological Association - 5/2/2019
Adverse events during first years of life may have greatest effect on future mental health
A Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) study has found evidence that children under 3 years old are most the vulnerable to the effects of adversity - experiences including poverty, family and financial instability, and abuse - on their epigenetic profiles, chemical tags that alter gene expression and may have consequences for future mental health. Their report appearing in the May 15 issue of Biological Psychiatry, which has been published online, finds that the timing of adverse experiences ...
Massachusetts General Hospital - 5/1/2019
Haunted by the past: Insomniacs unable to get emotional distress off their mind
Cringe-worthy mistakes and embarrassing blunders made today won't seem so bad tomorrow. That is, unless you're an insomniac, research at the Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience shows. The scientists asked participants to relive their most shameful experiences of decades ago while making MRI scans of their brain activity. While good sleepers literally settled those experiences in their head as neutralized memories, people with insomnia were not able to do so. This breakthrough ...
Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience - KNAW - 4/25/2019
Being too harsh on yourself could lead to OCD and anxiety: A correlation was found between strong feelings of responsibility and likelihood of developing OCD or GAD in American university students
A new study has found that people who reported intense feelings of responsibility were susceptible to developing Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) or Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) was published in the International Journal of Cognitive Therapy. "People with OCD [are] tortured by repeatedly occurring negative thinking and they take some strategy to prevent it... GAD is a very pervasive type of anxiety. [Patients] worry about everything." describes Associate Professor ...
Hiroshima University - 4/25/2019
‘13 Reasons Why’ and Young Adults’ Risk of Suicide
One of the most heavily watched and debated fictional portrayals of suicide in recent years was the Netflix series “13 Reasons Why,” which raised outcries about potential contagion stemming from its portrayal of a female high-school student’s suicide. Google searches about suicide spiked after the release of Season 1, physicians said that several children created lists of “13 reasons why” they wanted to kill themselves, and one hospital saw an increase in admissions of children who ...
Annenberg Public Policy Center of the University of Pennsylvania - 4/25/2019
Study confirms value of exposure therapy for vets with PTSD, alcohol problems
Prolonged exposure therapy is more effective at treating PTSD than Seeking Safety, a coping skills therapy, for patients who also have alcohol use disorder, found a VA San Diego Healthcare System study. The findings offer important guidance for clinicians in the VA health care system, which cares for many veterans coping with both PTSD and problem drinking. The researchers compared patients who were given integrated alcohol and prolonged exposure treatment with those given ...
Veterans Affairs Research Communications - 4/24/2019
Some women could be more susceptible to PTSD than others, according to new study
Childhood trauma is known to increase the risk of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in adulthood, especially for women, but the biological reasons for this correlation remain largely unknown. In a new study from the University of Missouri, researchers have proposed a solution to this mystery in the form of a model that could help psychiatrists better understand the far-reaching impacts of early trauma on women, while also clarifying why not all women with traumatic childhoods develop PTSD.
University of Missouri-Columbia - 4/23/2019
Brain wiring differences identified in children with conduct disorder
Behavioural problems in young people with severe antisocial behaviour - known as conduct disorder - could be caused by differences in the brain's wiring that link the brain's emotional centres together, according to new research led by the University of Birmingham. Conduct disorder affects around 1 in 20 children and teenagers and is one of the most common reasons for referral to child and adolescent mental health services. It is characterised by a wide range of antisocial or aggressive ...
University of Birmingham - 4/18/2019
Indicators of despair rising among Gen X-ers entering middle age
Indicators of despair--depression, suicidal ideation, drug use and alcohol abuse--are rising among Americans in their late 30s and early 40s across most demographic groups, according to new research led by Lauren Gaydosh, assistant professor of Medicine, Health and Society and Public Policy Studies at Vanderbilt University. These findings suggest that the increase in "deaths of despair" observed among low-educated middle-aged white Baby Boomers (born 1946-1964) in recent studies may ...
Vanderbilt University - 4/15/2019
People With a Sense of Oneness Experience Greater Life Satisfaction
People who believe in oneness — the idea that everything in the world is connected and interdependent — appear to have greater life satisfaction than those who don’t, regardless of whether they belong to a religion or don’t, according to research published by the American Psychological Association. “The feeling of being at one with a divine principle, life, the world, other people or even activities has been discussed in various religious traditions but also in a wide variety of scientific ...
American Psychological Association - 4/11/2019
Research shows evidence of impulsive behavior in nonsuicidal self-injury: Outcome suggests promising treatment target for some at high-risk for suicide
Are young adults who harm themselves more at risk for suicide? New research suggests there could be a connection under specific conditions associated with negative emotions. Kenneth J.D. Allen, Ph.D., a postdoctoral research fellow in the Psychosocial Research Program at Butler Hospital and the Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior at The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, recently published several articles related to this important topic. His research ...
Care New England - 4/10/2019
New to college? Spend some time alone
Transitioning from high school to college can be stressful. Trying to fit in, making new friends, missing old ones and home, meeting professors' and one's own expectations--can all be daunting. The way that first-year students manage (or not) to navigate this change has long-term implications for their academic performance and ability to stick with their studies. Research has shown that one frequent pitfall during this transition period from high school to college is social isolation.
University of Rochester - 4/9/2019
The anxiety of exposure: Why we suffer from imposter syndrome
Researchers from the Higher School of Economics (Perm), in collaboration with an American colleague, confirmed the theory that impostor syndrome fully mediates the link between perfectionism and psychological distress. Perfectionism is a personality trait that makes a person strive for perfection. It can manifest itself in an adaptive or a maladaptive form. Adaptive perfectionism is the desire to meet high standards that are achievable with certain efforts. Maladaptive perfectionism is ...
National Research University Higher School of Economics - 4/9/2019
Childhood trauma has lasting effect on brain connectivity in patients with depression: Penn-led study confirms the important relationship between childhood trauma and major depression
A study lead by Penn Medicine researchers found that childhood trauma is linked to abnormal connectivity in the brain in adults with major depressive disorder (MDD). The paper, published this week in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS), is the first data-driven study to show symptom-specific, system-level changes in brain network connectivity in MDD. "With estimates of approximately 10 percent of all children in the United States having been subjected to child abuse, ...
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine - 4/8/2019
Anti-inflammatory medicine can have a beneficial effect on depression: Research carried out by the national psychiatry project iPSYCH shows that arthritis medicine can have a beneficial effect on symptoms of depression
The World Health Organization (WHO) calls depression one of the most serious mental disorders, and researchers around the world are trying to improve treatment of the disease. Now in the largest meta-analysis ever carried out, researchers from iPSYCH have shown that medicine which inhibits inflammation such as e.g. arthritis medicine can also be effective in the treatment of people suffering from depression. "Our study shows that a combination of anti-inflammatory medicine, ...
Aarhus University - 4/8/2019
More sleep may help teens with ADHD focus and organize
Teenagers with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may benefit from more sleep to help them focus, plan and control their emotions. The findings--the first of their kind in young people with ADHD--will be presented today at the American Physiological Society's (APS) annual meeting at Experimental Biology 2019 in Orlando, Fla. ADHD is one of the most common neurobehavioral disorders among children and adolescents. People with ADHD often have trouble with executive ...
American Physiological Society - 4/8/2019
Children develop PTSD when they 'overthink' their trauma
Children are more likely to suffer Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) if they think their reaction to traumatic events is not 'normal' - according to new research from the University of East Anglia. While most children recover well after a traumatic event, some go on to develop PTSD that may stay with them for months, years, or even into adulthood. A new study, published today, reveals that children begin down this route when they have trouble processing their trauma and perceive ...
University of East Anglia - 3/26/2019
Mothers of fussy babies at higher risk of depressive symptoms: Study explores whether a baby's level of prematurity in combination with infant fussiness may influence the severity of maternal depressive symptoms
It's no secret that fussy newborns can be especially challenging for parents already facing physical and mental exhaustion from caring for a new baby. But now science backs up the impact on parents: The less soothable the infant, the more distressed the mother. Mothers of highly irritable infants experience greater depressive symptoms, according to new University of Michigan-led research. The nationally representative study, which included data from more than 8,200 children and ...
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan - 3/25/2019
When neurons are out of shape, antidepressants may not work
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are the most commonly prescribed medication for major depressive disorder (MDD), yet scientists still do not understand why the treatment does not work in nearly thirty percent of patients with MDD. Now, Salk Institute researchers have discovered differences in growth patterns of neurons of SSRI-resistant patients. The work, published in Molecular Psychiatry on March 22, 2019, has implications for depression as well as other psychiatric ...
Salk Institute - 3/22/2019
How team sports change a child's brain: Team sports associated with less depression in boys as young as 9
Adult depression has long been associated with shrinkage of the hippocampus, a brain region that plays an important role in memory and response to stress. Now, new research from Washington University in St. Louis has linked participation in team sports to larger hippocampal volumes in children and less depression in boys ages 9 to 11. "Our findings are important because they help illuminate the relationships between involvement in sports, volume of a particular brain region and ...
Washington University in St. Louis - 3/21/2019
Eating breakfast with parents is associated with positive body image for teenagers
Parents hoping to raise teenagers with positive body image might just find helpful tools in the kitchen every morning. A new study from the University of Missouri says consistently eating breakfast as a family might promote positive body image for children and adolescents. "We know that developing healthy behaviors in adolescence such as eating breakfast every day and eating family meals can have long-term effects into adulthood," said Virginia Ramseyer Winter, assistant professor in ...
University of Missouri-Columbia - 3/21/2019
Is anxiety in childhood and adolescence linked to later alcohol use disorders?
In an Addiction analysis of relevant published studies, investigators found some evidence for a positive association between anxiety during childhood and adolescence with later alcohol use disorders. Approximately 43 percent of associations were positive, meaning that anxiety was associated with a higher likelihood of later alcohol use disorders; however, 11 percent of associations were negative, with anxiety being associated with a lower likelihood of later alcohol use disorders.
Wiley - 3/20/2019
New research identifies potential PTSD treatment improvement
Researchers may have found a way to improve a common treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) by changing how the brain learns to respond less severely to fearful conditions, according to research published in Journal of Neuroscience. The study by researchers at The University of Texas at Austin Dell Medical School suggests a potential improvement to exposure therapy - the current gold standard for PTSD treatment and anxiety reduction - which helps people ...
University of Texas at Austin - 3/18/2019
Negative Emotions Can Reduce Our Capacity to Trust
It is no secret that a bad mood can negatively affect how we treat others. But can it also make us more distrustful? Yes, according to a new study, which shows that negative emotions reduce how much we trust others, even if these emotions were triggered by events that have nothing to do with the decision to trust. The study was carried out by an international research team from the University of Amsterdam (UvA) and the University of Zurich (UZH).
University of Zurich - 3/14/2019
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