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Study sheds light on link between cannabis, anxiety and stress
A molecule produced by the brain that activates the same receptors as marijuana is protective against stress by reducing anxiety-causing connections between two brain regions, Vanderbilt University Medical Center researchers report. This finding, published today in Neuron, could help explain why some people use marijuana when they're anxious or under stress. It could also mean that pharmacologic treatments that increase levels of this molecule, known as "2-AG," in the brain could ...
Vanderbilt University Medical Center - 1/13/2020
Study finds potential new treatment for preventing post traumatic stress disorder: Discovery of biomarker unique to people with PTSD a world first
Research led by the Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH) published in the Journal of Clinical Investigation points to a groundbreaking discovery about a new potential treatment and prevention for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The research team, led by Dr. Fang Liu, Senior Scientist and Head of Molecular Neuroscience in CAMH's Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, and Professor and Co-director of Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Translation, ...
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health - 1/13/2020
Lonely in a crowd: Overcoming loneliness with acceptance and wisdom -- Study looked at characteristics of loneliness in a senior housing community and the strategies residents used to overcome it
By nature, human beings are social creatures. Yet, as we age, personal dynamics and lifestyles change, which can result in loneliness and isolation. With older adults increasingly moving into senior living or retirement communities, researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine sought to identify the common characteristics of residents who feel lonely in these environments.
University of California - San Diego - 1/10/2020
Harvard researchers help explain link between emotion and addictive substance use: In set of four integrated studies, Harvard researchers find that sadness, but not all negative emotions, heightens craving to smoke and likelihood of relapse
What drives a person to smoke cigarettes - and keeps one out of six U.S. adults addicted to tobacco use, at a cost of 480,000 premature deaths each year despite decades of anti-smoking campaigns? What role do emotions play in this addictive behavior? Why do some smokers puff more often and more deeply or even relapse many years after they've quit? If policy makers had those answers, how could they strengthen the fight against the global smoking epidemic?
Harvard Kennedy School - 1/9/2020
Parents aren't powerless when it comes to sleep-deprived teenagers
Teenagers in the US simply don't get enough shut eye. The consequences of this epidemic of sleep deprivation are extensive and include increasing rates of anxiety and depression among adolescents, as well as suicidal thoughts and actions. Sleep-deprived teens are more likely to be involved in car crashes, and run a higher risk of injury during sports-related activities. Experts have pointed to various reasons for the chronic teenage sleep deficit: growing homework loads, too many ...
University of Rochester - 1/9/2020
Cigarette smoke damages our mental health, too
For decades, doctors have warned us about the health risks of smoking. However, their warnings focused on the physical risks that cigarettes pose to our health, such as lung cancer, heart disease, low birth weight, and high blood pressure, among others. Now, Professor Hagai Levine at Hebrew University of Jerusalem's-Hadasssah Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine has published findings related to the mental health risks related to smoking.
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem - 1/8/2020
Some surprisingly good news about anxiety
Anxiety disorders are the most common type of psychiatric illness, yet researchers know very little about factors associated with recovery. A new University of Toronto study investigated three levels of recovery in a large, representative sample of more than 2,000 Canadians with a history of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). The study reports that 72% of Canadians with a history of GAD have been free of the mental health condition for at least one year. Overall, 40% were in a state of ...
University of Toronto - 1/7/2020
Air pollution in childhood linked to schizophrenia
Air pollution affects physical health, and research results now conclude that it also affects our psychological health. The study, which combines genetic data from iPSYCH with air pollution data from the Department of Environmental Science, shows that children who are exposed to a high level of air pollution while growing up, have an increased risk of developing schizophrenia.
Aarhus University - 1/7/2020
Health ranks as top concern for Veterans immediately after military service: Findings based on survey of nearly 10,000 veterans
In the months after separating from military service, most veterans are less satisfied with their health than with their work or social relationships, found a study by Veterans Affairs researchers. While the veterans surveyed were mostly satisfied with their work and social well-being, a majority were dealing with chronic physical health conditions and a third reported chronic mental health conditions. According to Dr. Dawne Vogt of the VA Boston Healthcare System and Boston University, ...
Veterans Affairs Research Communications - 1/2/2020
Augmenting attention treatment therapies for difficult-to-treat anxiety in children and adolescents: First study to show that anxiety could be decreased in youth who did not respond to earlier cognitive-behavior therapy
Between 30 to 50 percent of youth in the United States diagnosed with an anxiety disorder fail to respond to cognitive-behavior therapy (CBT). A new study in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (JAACAP), published by Elsevier, reports that computer-based attention training could reduce anxiety in children and adolescents. "CBT is the leading evidence-based psychosocial treatment," said co-lead author Jeremy Pettit, PhD, a Professor in ...
Elsevier - 12/19/2019
Which is more effective for treating PTSD: Medication, or psychotherapy? A systematic review and meta-analysis finds there is insufficient evidence at present to answer that question
A new study that sought to find out whether serotonin reuptake inhibitors or trauma-focused psychotherapy is more effective in treating posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) concluded there is insufficient evidence at present to make that determination. "Because of these findings, we recommend that, until we have evidence from head-to-head trials favoring one treatment or the other, clinicians should make shared decisions, with patients, about which treatment modality to use," ...
University of North Carolina Health Care - 12/19/2019
Focus on teenage anxiety may help early identification of those at risk of eating disorders
Teenage girls who experience clinical levels of anxiety could be at greater risk of eating disorders, according to associations identified in a study completed by researchers at the University of Bristol with UCL. Published today [18 December] in European Eating Disorders Review, the new research looked at anxiety disorder pathology and engagement with severe levels of fasting (not eating for an entire day) in 2,406 teenage girls of Bristol's Children of the 90s study.
University of Bristol - 12/18/2019
CBT for social anxiety may have a protective effect on cells
Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for patients with social anxiety not only helps to reduce anxiety levels but also seems to protect against accelerated cellular ageing, a study involving researchers at Karolinska Institutet published in the journal Translational Psychiatry reports. "This is the first step towards better understanding the link between cellular ageing and the treatment of psychiatric issues," says lead author Kristoffer Månsson, researcher at the Department of Clinical ...
Karolinska Institutet - 12/18/2019
Rates of depression and substance use higher for pregnant teens, study finds
Researchers from Lawson Health Research Institute and Brescia University College found that teenage pregnant women are more likely to live in poverty, have poorer mental health and have higher rates of substance use. There are limited Canadian studies on teenage pregnancies, in particular looking at risk factors and birth outcomes compared to women who became pregnant during adulthood. London researchers were able to take advantage of a large sample of pregnant women ...
Lawson Health Research Institute - 12/18/2019
Depression and suicide risk linked to air pollution
People exposed to higher levels of air pollution are more likely to experience depression or die by suicide, finds a new analysis led by UCL. The first systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence connecting air pollution and a range of mental health problems, published in Environmental Health Perspectives, reviewed study data from 16 countries. The researchers found that, if the relationship with depression reported in some of these studies is causal, then reducing global ...
University College London - 12/18/2019
Study reveals increased cannabis use in individuals with depression
The prevalence of cannabis, or marijuana, use in the United States increased from 2005 to 2017 among persons with and without depression and was approximately twice as common among those with depression in 2017. The findings, which are published in Addiction, come from a survey-based study of 728,691 persons aged 12 years or older. "Perception of great risk associated with regular cannabis use was significantly lower among those with depression in 2017, compared with those ...
Wiley - 12/9/2019
Bullying others increases the risk of developing mental health problems and vice versa
A new study at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health suggests there is a two-way relationship between bullying perpetration and mental health problems among youth in the U.S. Researchers report that bullying perpetration increased the risk of developing internalizing problems, and having internalizing problems increased the probability of bullying others. While previous research has focused on the causes and consequences of bullying victimization, this is the first study to ...
Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health - 12/4/2019
Single dose of ketamine plus talk therapy may reduce alcohol use
A single infusion of ketamine, combined with outpatient behavioral therapy, helped alcohol-dependent individuals abstain from drinking for a few weeks after the treatment, researchers at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute have found. The findings could lead to a new approach to the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center - 12/4/2019
Exposure to smoking in early childhood linked to hyperactivity and conduct problems
In a recent study, children exposed to smoking in the first 4 years of life were more likely to exhibit symptoms of hyperactivity and conduct problems. The study, which is published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, found that the association remained even after controlling for family poverty level, parental education, parental history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hostility, depression, caregiver IQ, and obstetric complications.
Wiley - 12/4/2019
Chronic opioid treatment may raise risk of post-traumatic stress disorder, study finds
While opioids are often prescribed to treat people with trauma-related pain, a new UCLA-led study suggests doctors should use caution before prescribing the drug to those they believe may experience severe stress in the future, in order to reduce the risk the patient will develop PTSD. In the study, researchers administered doses of the opioid morphine to a group of 22 mice for one week, then gave the mice relatively strong foot shocks. After the morphine wore off, the mice were given ...
University of California - Los Angeles - 12/3/2019
Social media could be a force for good in tackling depression but for privacy concerns
Social media has been identified by a number of studies as being a significant factor in mental health problems, especially in young people. But imagine if the power of Twitter, Facebook and Instagram could also be harnessed to identify those with depression symptoms and signpost them to support services. By analysing social media (SM) content using machine-learning techniques, it may be possible to identify which SM users are currently experiencing low mood, and then use this to ...
University of Sussex - 12/3/2019
Mental health information in rural areas is best delivered face-to-face, study shows
Mental health is a concern in rural areas, as farmers cope with stress and uncertainty due to economic and environmental conditions. Often, there are no mental health providers in the local community. Public health programs can help, but what are the best ways to reach farm populations with those programs? That’s the topic of a new study conducted by a University of Illinois researcher.
University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences - 12/2/2019
Mental health program helps teens recognise and support peers at risk
A novel mental health program improves teenagers’ ability to recognise and support friends who might be at risk of suicide, according to new research. University of Melbourne researchers have evaluated the impact of teen Mental Health First Aid (tMHFA) – a universal mental health literacy program for high school students in Years 10-12 – as an intervention to improve peer support towards adolescents at risk of suicide.
University of Melbourne - 11/21/2019
Severe pregnancy-related depression may be rooted in inflammation
A runaway, inflammatory immune response may be responsible for triggering severe depression during and after pregnancy, according to a new study published in the journal Brain, Behavior and Immunity. Not to be mistaken for the rapidly passing “baby blues,” which is common right after delivery, pregnancy-related depression is a serious medical condition that can escalate in severity and may even require hospitalization. One in five new mothers experience depression after ...
Van Andel Research Institute - 11/20/2019
Many patients with anorexia nervosa get better, but complete recovery elusive to most: Study highlights importance of parents in defining healing
Three in four patients with anorexia nervosa -- including many with challenging illness -- make a partial recovery. But just 21 percent make a full recovery, a milestone that is most likely to signal permanent remission. These results, and more, are drawn from an online survey of 387 parents, of whom 83 percent had children with anorexia nervosa, 6 percent with atypical anorexia nervosa -- a variant occurring in patients who are not underweight -- and the remainder with other eating disorders.
University of California - San Francisco - 11/20/2019
Omega-3 fish oil as effective for attention as ADHD drugs for some children
Researchers from King's College London and China Medical University in Taichung, Taiwan, have found omega-3 fish oil supplements improve attention among children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but only among those with low levels of omega-3 in their blood. The researchers say their results bring a personalised medicine approach to psychiatry by demonstrating that omega-3 only works for some children with ADHD. Previous research by the same group found ...
King's College London - 11/19/2019
Husbands' stress increases if wives earn more than 40% of household income: Study of US data shows persistent social norms about male breadwinning can harm men's mental health
Husbands are least stressed when their wives earn up to 40% of household income but they become increasingly uncomfortable as their spouse's wages rise beyond that point and are most stressed when they are entirely economically dependent on their partner, new research from the University of Bath shows. The study of over 6,000 American heterosexual couples over 15 years showed husbands are anxious when they are the sole breadwinner, shouldering all the burden of ...
University of Bath - 11/19/2019
Majority of childhood sex-abuse survivors achieve complete mental health: Social isolation, chronic pain, and a history of substance dependence or depression are impediments to recovery
Most research on child sexual-abuse survivors focuses on negative consequences such as depression and suicide. A new study instead examines factors associated with resilience and flourishing among adult survivors. "Remarkably, two-thirds [65%] of the childhood sexual-abuse survivors in our sample met the criteria for complete mental health -- defined as being happy or satisfied with life most days in the past month, having high levels of social and psychological well-being in the ...
University of Toronto - 11/19/2019
Borderline personality disorder has strongest link to childhood trauma
People with Borderline Personality Disorder are 13 times more likely to report childhood trauma than people without any mental health problems, according to University of Manchester research. The analysis of data from 42 international studies of over 5,000 people showed that 71.1% of people who were diagnosed with the serious health condition reported at least one traumatic childhood experience.
University of Manchester - 11/18/2019
Many insured Americans go out of network, pay more for behavioral health
Americans are using more out-of-network care and paying more out of pocket for behavioral health care than for treatment of other conditions, despite efforts to increase coverage and access to mental health services, according to new research. The study highlights access barriers to behavioral health providers that lead to high costs for patients, even for those who have private insurance, said lead author Wendy Yi Xu, an assistant professor of health services management and policy at ...
Ohio State University - 11/6/2019
Cannabis could help alleviate depression and suicidality among people with PTSD
Cannabis may be helping Canadians cope with the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), new research suggests. In an analysis of health survey data collected by Statistics Canada from more than 24,000 Canadians, researchers from the BC Centre on Substance Use (BCCSU) and University of British Columbia (UBC) found that people who have PTSD but do not medicate with cannabis are far more likely to suffer from severe depression and have suicidal thoughts than ...
University of British Columbia - 11/5/2019
Fish oil supplements have little or no effect on anxiety and depression, according to new research
Omega-3 fats have little or no effect on anxiety and depression according to new research from the University of East Anglia. Increased consumption of omega-3 fats is widely promoted globally because of a common belief that it will protect against, or even reverse, conditions such as anxiety and depression. But a systematic review published today in the British Journal of Psychiatry, finds that omega-3 supplements offer no benefit.
University of East Anglia - 11/4/2019
Stressed to the max? Deep sleep can rewire the anxious brain: A sleepless night can trigger up to a 30% rise in emotional stress levels, new study shows
When it comes to managing anxiety disorders, William Shakespeare’s Macbeth had it right when he referred to sleep as the “balm of hurt minds.” While a full night of slumber stabilizes emotions, a sleepless night can trigger up to a 30% rise in anxiety levels, according to new research from UC Berkeley. Researchers have found that the type of sleep most apt to calm and reset the anxious brain is deep sleep, also known as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) slow-wave sleep, a state in which ...
University of California - Berkeley - 11/4/2019
Increased risk of suicide for teens who visit emergency for self-harm
Youth who self-harmed were five times more likely to have repeat visits to the emergency department, three times more likely to die from any cause and eight times more likely to die from suicide than youth who did not self-harm and who were matched on sex, age, and psychiatric and medical diagnoses. "Among adolescents who presented after self-harm, and who later had recurrent admissions for self-harm, serious and complex mental conditions were common, most prominently anxiety ...
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute - 11/4/2019
Teens who have a loving relationship with their mother are less likely to enter abusive relationships
A mother’s warmth and acceptance toward her teenagers may help prevent those children from being in an abusive relationship later in life, even if her own marriage is contentious, according to a new University at Buffalo study. Previous research shows that adolescents who are exposed to marital conflict at a young age are at an increased risk to experience abuse in their romantic relations. However, the new study discovered that the child’s relationship with their mother serves as ...
University at Buffalo - 10/30/2019
NIH-funded study suggests acetaminophen in pregnancy linked to higher risk of ADHD, autism
Exposure to acetaminophen in the womb may increase a child's risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, suggests a study funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality. The study was conducted by Xiaobing Wang, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, and colleagues. It appears in JAMA Psychiatry.
NIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development - 10/30/2019
In the Long Run, Drugs & Talk Therapy Hold Same Value for Depression Patients: New cost-effectiveness analysis comparing antidepressants and cognitive behavioral therapy over five years suggests new patients should have more access to talk option
Spending an hour in talk therapy with a trained counselor costs much more, and takes more time, than swallowing an inexpensive antidepressant pill. But for people with a new diagnosis of major depression, the costs and benefits of the two approaches end up being equal after five years, a new study shows. The analysis, conducted using real-world data on treatment costs, positive and negative health effects, and impacts of treatment and depression symptoms on productivity, could help guide ...
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan - 10/28/2019
New findings could improve diagnosis, treatment of depression: Scientists find potential biomarker for major symptom of depression: lack of motivation
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have identified biomarkers --genes and specific brain circuits in mice -- associated with a common symptom of depression: lack of motivation. The finding could guide research to find new ways to diagnose and potentially treat individuals suffering from lack of motivation and bring closer the day of precision medicine for psychiatric disorders like depression.
University of California - Berkeley - 10/28/2019
Breaking thought patterns increases chances of recovering from depression: Fewer patients relapse after metacognitive therapy for depression, new research shows
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide. It affects both individuals and society as a whole, in the form of lost work productivity, high mortality and lower quality of life. Unfortunately, it is typical for patients with depression to experience relapses. Research findings show that one and a half years after the end of treatment, only about 30 per cent of patients are still healthy. Fortunately, there is hope. A recent study shows that metacognitive therapy ...
Norwegian University of Science and Technology - 10/24/2019
Young mums more likely to have kids with ADHD
Young mothers have a greater chance of having a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) according to new research from the University of South Australia. Published in Nature’s Scientific Reports, the research explored the genetic relationship between female reproductive traits and key psychiatric disorders, finding that the genetic risk of ADHD in children was strongly associated with early maternal age at first birth, particular for women younger than 20.
University of South Australia - 10/23/2019
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