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Trends over 20 years in ADHD diagnoses among US children, adolescents
Bottom Line: Diagnosed attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in U.S. children and adolescents appears to have become more common over 20 years, with an increase in estimated prevalence from 6.1 percent to 10.2 percent between 1997 and 2016, although the cause of this apparent uptick still needs to be better understood. Why The Research Is Interesting: Current estimates of the prevalence of ADHD and details on long-term trends are needed for research, clinical care and ...
JAMA Network Open - 8/31/2018
Children suffering from tics can be helped by both group and individual therapy
Therapy against tics works, and both group and individual treatment are suitable methods to achieve a good effect. This is the conclusion reached by a group of Danish researchers after comparing the effect of different types of tics training based on a new Danish manual. This means that therapists in future can plan a much better course of treatment for those children who experience a very difficult life with tics.
Aarhus University - 8/29/2018
Close ties with fathers help daughters overcome loneliness: Study examined changes in child loneliness over time
Fathers play a key role in helping their young daughters overcome loneliness, a new study has found. Researchers found that girls tended to report less loneliness as they went from first grade to fifth grade. But loneliness declined more quickly among girls who had a closer relationship with their fathers. “The bond between fathers and daughters is very important,” said Xin Feng, co-author of the study and associate professor of human sciences at The Ohio State University.
Ohio State University - 8/28/2018
Diet has bigger impact on emotional well-being in women than in men
Women may need a more nutrient-rich diet to support a positive emotional well-being, according to new research from Binghamton University, State University at New York. Mounting evidence suggests that anatomical and functional differences in men's and women's brain dictate susceptibility to mental disease. However, little is known about the role of dietary patterns in gender-specific psychological wellbeing. A team of researchers led by Lina Begdache, assistant professor of ...
Binghamton University - 8/27/2018
On-again, off-again relationships might be toxic for mental health: On-off relationships are associated with higher rates of abuse, poorer communication and lower levels of commitment
Sam and Diane from “Cheers.” Ross and Rachel from “Friends.” Carrie and Mr. Big from “Sex and the City.” These are just some of the notable on-again, off-again couples found in pop culture. While their relationships made for storylines that kept viewers entertained, a researcher from the University of Missouri says that the pattern of breaking up and getting back together can impact an individual’s mental health and not for the better. He suggests people in these kinds of relationships ...
University of Missouri-Columbia - 8/23/2018
Maternal depression may alter stress and immune markers in children
New research suggests that depression in women may affect their children's stress and physical well-being throughout life. For the Depression & Anxiety study, researchers followed 125 children from birth to 10 years. At 10 years, mothers' and children's cortisol (CT) and secretory immunoglobulin (s-IgA)--markers of stress and the immune system--were measured, mother-child interaction were observed, mothers and children underwent psychiatric diagnoses, and children's externalizing and ...
Wiley - 8/22/2018
Depressed teens, depressed parents: Treating depression in teens may benefit parents’ mental health, too, study finds
The bond between parent and child extends far beyond sharing similar looks or behaviors, as symptoms of depression in teens and parents appear to be linked, according to research presented at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association. When a teen’s depression improved through treatment, so did depression experienced by his or her parent, according to Kelsey R. Howard, MS, of Northwestern University, who presented the findings.
American Psychological Association - 8/11/2018
New theory may explain cause of depression and improve treatments: A review of recent studies suggests mitochondria may be the root cause of depression, providing an opportunity for novel antidepressant medication
A new area in depression research suggests dysfunction in mitochondria -- the main source of energy for cells -- could lead to major depression. Published in Frontiers in Neuroscience, this new insight to long-held theories on the causes of depression could lead to the development of novel and more effective antidepressant drugs. Depression is a highly prevalent disorder affecting up to 20% of the population. It is commonly thought to be caused by a chemical imbalance in the brain, ...
Frontiers - 8/9/2018
Even men get the blues after childbirth: Postpartum depression as prevalent in new fathers as mothers, research says
When it comes to postpartum depression, most people think of the mother's well-being, but research suggests that a similar proportion of men experience some form of depression after the birth of a child, according to presentations at the annual convention of the American Psychological Association. "Much has been written about women's experiences of pregnancy and postpartum, most of it exploring negative reactions, ranging from clinical depression to postpartum psychosis, and ...
American Psychological Association - 8/9/2018
The Lancet Psychiatry: Exercise linked to improved mental health, but more may not always be better
A study of 1.2 million people in the USA has found that people who exercise report having 1.5 fewer days of poor mental health a month, compared to people who do not exercise. The study found that team sports, cycling, aerobics and going to the gym are associated with the biggest reductions, according to the largest observational study of its kind published in The Lancet Psychiatry journal. More exercise was not always better, and the study found that exercising for 45 minutes three ...
The Lancet - 8/8/2018
Is parental belief in importance of religion associated with lower risk of suicidal behavior in kids?
Bottom Line: Parents' belief in the importance of religion was associated with a lower risk for suicidal behavior by their children regardless of a child's own belief about the importance of religion and other known risk factors such as parental depression, suicidal behavior and divorce. Why The Research Is Interesting: About 12 percent of adolescents in the United States report having thoughts about attempting suicide, and suicide is a primary cause of death among females 15 to 19.
JAMA Psychiatry - 8/8/2018
Can we predict the long-term outcome of boys with ADHD?
A study published in the August 2018 issue of the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry(JAACAP) reports on a group of boys diagnosed with ADHD in childhood (when they were, on average, 8 years old) and followed into adulthood (when they were in their early 40s). The goal was to examine whether boys' characteristics in childhood and adolescence predicted their subsequent school performance, their work, and social adjustment.
Elsevier - 8/1/2018
Individual training of parents is best for small children with ADHD
A major research project from Aarhus University and the Centre for Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Risskov, in collaboration with the University of Copenhagen, University of Nottingham, UK and Kings College London is published August 1th in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. The study highlights that individual behavioural treatment and support for parents who have preschool children with ADHD is significantly better than what is currently ...
Aarhus University - 8/1/2018
Positive messaging through social media could be a powerful tool to help people overcome non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI), according to a new University of Guelph study
“Self-injury, including cutting and burning, is a serious public health concern around the world,” said Prof. Stephen Lewis, psychology professor and lead author of the study. While it affects people of all ages, self-injury is more prevalent among people from 14 to 24. Within that age range, up to one in five have engaged in self-injury. Published recently in the journal Digital Health, the study explores the use of positive messaging to encourage recovery. “We know that young people who ...
University of Guelph - 7/18/2018
Digital media use linked to behavioral problems in kids: Teens who frequently use smartphones and multimedia devices are more likely to develop ADHD symptoms
Are children who spend lots of time using digital devices prone to psychiatric problems? A team of USC scientists says yes in a new study that appears today in the Journal of the American Medical Association. Teens who are heavy users of digital devices are twice as likely as infrequent users to show symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the study finds. The association is persistent as researchers tracked nearly 2,600 teenagers for two years.
University of Southern California - 7/17/2018
Algorithm Identifies Patients Best Suited for Antidepressants
McLean Hospital researchers have completed a study that sought to determine which individuals with depression are best suited for antidepressant medications. Their findings, published in Psychological Medicine on July 2, 2018, have led to the development of a statistical algorithm that identifies patients who may best respond to antidepressants—before they begin treatment.
McLean Hospital - 7/17/2018
Celebrating positives improves classroom behavior and mental health
Training teachers to focus their attention on positive conduct and to avoid jumping to correct minor disruption improves child behaviour, concentration and mental health. A study led by the University of Exeter Medical School, published in Psychological Medicine, analysed the success of a training programme called the Incredible Years® Teacher Classroom Management Programme. Its core principles include building strong social relationship between teachers and children, and ...
University of Exeter - 7/17/2018
PTSD rate among prison employees equals that of war veterans
Prison employees experience PTSD on par with Iraq and Afghanistan war veterans, a new study from a Washington State University College of Nursing researcher found. Working conditions in a prison can include regular exposure to violence and trauma, and threats of harm to the workers and their families. Previous studies have shown that prison workers have some of the highest rates of mental illness, sleep disorders and physical health issues of all U.S. workers. But the rate of PTSD ...
Washington State University - 7/13/2018
Living in areas with less sun may increase your risk of OCD
Living at higher latitudes, where there is also less sunlight, could result in a higher prevalence rate of obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), according to new research from Binghamton University, State University of New York. "The results of this project are exciting because they provide additional evidence for a new way of thinking about OCD," said Meredith Coles, professor of psychology at Binghamton University. "Specifically, they show that living in areas with more sunlight is ...
Binghamton University - 7/10/2018
Parents who had severe stresses, trauma in childhood more likely to have kids with behavioral health problems
A new study finds that severe childhood trauma and stresses early in parents’ lives are linked to higher rates of behavioral health problems in their own children. The types of childhood hardships included divorce or separation of parents, death of or estrangement from a parent, emotional, physical or sexual abuse, witnessing violence in the home, exposure to substance abuse in the household or parental mental illness.
University of California - Los Angeles Health Sciences - 7/9/2018
What does fitness in midlife mean for depression, cardiovascular disease later in life?
A high level of fitness in midlife was associated with a lower risk of depression after age 65 and a lower risk of cardiovascular death, including after a diagnosis of depression.
JAMA Psychiatry - 6/27/2018
Don't let depression keep you from exercising
Exercise may be just as crucial to a depression patient's good health as finding an effective antidepressant. A new study of nearly 18,000 participants found that those with high fitness at middle age were significantly less likely to die from heart disease in later life, even if they were diagnosed with depression.
UT Southwestern Medical Center - 6/27/2018
Study: Adolescents who consume a diet high in saturated fats may develop poor stress coping skills, signs of post-traumatic stress disorder as adults
A new study published in the journal Brain, Behavior, and Immunity shows that adolescent rats who consume a diet high in saturated fats have a harder time coping with stress as adults. Moreover, researchers from Loma Linda University in California found that the areas of the brain that handle the fear/stress response were altered to the point that subjects began exhibiting behaviors that mirror post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Loma Linda University Adventist Health Sciences Center - 6/13/2018
Binging, purging and fasting more common in overweight, obese young adults: Asian/Pacific Islanders, sexual minorities also at increased risk for 'disordered eating,' study shows
Young adults who are overweight or obese are twice as likely as their leaner peers to binge and purge, use laxatives or diuretics, or force themselves to vomit as a means of controlling their weight, according to a new study led by UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals. These "disordered eating behaviors" put young people at risk for depression, alcohol and tobacco use, poor nutritional intake and significant weight gain over time, the researchers reported in their study, appearing in ...
University of California - San Francisco - 6/12/2018
Study: Today's dads are engaging more with their kids -- Fatherhood norms shifting alongside masculinity
Sociologists at BYU and Ball State have found that a majority of fathers today are relatively involved in their children’s lives. Whether it’s physically being there for a baseball game or piano recital, or emotionally being there to provide warmth or support in a tough time, there appears to be a shift in how fathers are viewing their roles. “We found that today’s dads spend more time, provide more care and are more loving toward their kids than ever before, ...
Brigham Young University - 6/12/2018
Researchers identify new type of depression: Protein linked with depression shows promise as new drug target
Depression is a mental disorder that affects over 300 million people around the world. While treatments exist, many of them are based on one hypothesis of how depression arises. Patients that do not fit this mold may not be getting benefits. A study led by Hiroshima University (HU), which was published online this May in Neuroscience, shed light on how one protein called RGS8 plays a role in depression behaviors. Scientists think depression occurs because of the monoamine hypothesis, ...
Hiroshima University - 6/11/2018
Negative vs. positive social media experiences and depressive symptoms
Negative experiences on social media carry more weight than positive interactions when it comes to the likelihood of young adults reporting depressive symptoms, according to a new University of Pittsburgh analysis. The finding, reported today in the journal Depression and Anxiety, may be useful for designing interventions and clinical recommendations to reduce the risk of depression. "We found that positive experiences on social media were not related or only very slightly linked to ...
University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences - 6/7/2018
Maternal depressive emotion associated with children's sleep problems: Study finds increased happiness during pregnancy decreases sleep disturbances for kids
Maternal depressive mood during the prenatal and postnatal periods is related to child sleep disturbances, according to recent pilot data from a longitudinal cohort study in kindergarten children. "The most surprising thing about our results was the mediation role of child behavior in the maternal emotion-children's sleep quality relationship, this demonstrates that emotion during pregnancy affects child behavior which further affects child's sleep, said principal investigator and lead ...
American Academy of Sleep Medicine - 6/5/2018
Why are migraine patients skipping effective behavioral treatments? New study found only half of patients referred for migraine therapy actually made appointments
Effective behavioral treatments for migraine are being eschewed by a significant number of sufferers, according to a new study led by headache researchers at NYU School of Medicine. Researchers found that about half of migraine patients who were referred by a headache center for specific behavioral treatment did not follow through with therapy. This occurred despite the fact that these treatments are considered first-line, safe and effective treatments by medical guidelines.
NYU Langone Health / NYU School of Medicine - 6/5/2018
Study links screen time to insomnia symptoms and depressive symptoms in adolescents: Regulating screen times may improve sleep health and reduce depression
Preliminary results from a new study indicate that greater amounts of daily screen time are associated with more insomnia symptoms and shorter sleep duration among adolescents. Results show that for social messaging, web surfing and TV/movie watching, insomnia symptoms and sleep duration fully explained the association between screen-based activities and depressive symptoms. "Higher rates of depressive symptoms among teens may be partially explained through the ...
American Academy of Sleep Medicine - 6/4/2018
Mothers with high emotional, cognitive control help kids behave: Study has implications for reducing harsh verbal parenting and poor child behavior
A new parenting study led by BYU professor Ali Crandall finds that the greater emotional control and problem-solving abilities a mother has, the less likely her children will develop behavioral problems, such as throwing tantrums or fighting. The study also found mothers who stay in control emotionally are less likely to be verbally harsh with their children, and mothers who stay in control cognitively are less likely to have controlling parenting attitudes. Both harsh verbal parenting and ...
Brigham Young University - 5/31/2018
For Anxiety, Single Intervention Is Not Enough: Only 20 percent of youth treated for anxiety stay well over the next four years
No matter which treatment they get, only 20 percent of young people diagnosed with anxiety will stay well over the long term, UConn Health researchers report in the Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry. "When you see so few kids stay non-symptomatic after receiving the best treatments we have, that's discouraging," says UConn Health psychologist Golda Ginsburg. She suggests that regular mental health checkups may be a better way to treat anxiety than ...
University of Connecticut - 5/31/2018
Having an abortion does not lead to depression, research by Dr. Julia Steinberg shows
Having an abortion does not increase a woman’s risk for depression, according to a new study of nearly 400,000 women published today in JAMA Psychiatry. While previous research has found abortion does not harm women’s mental health, studies claiming that it does continue to be published and state policies that restrict access to abortion in the United States have been justified by claims that abortion causes women psychological harm. To better understand the relationship ...
University of Maryland - 5/30/2018
Goal conflict linked to psychological distress
Being torn about which personal goals to pursue is associated with symptoms of psychological distress, new research shows. A survey of more than 200 young adults by the University of Exeter and Edith Cowan University (ECU) investigated two forms of motivational conflict. These were inter-goal conflict (when pursuing one goal makes it difficult to pursue another) and ambivalence (conflicting feelings about particular goals). "People with poorer mental health are more likely to report ...
University of Exeter - 5/25/2018
Antidepressant use may contribute to long-term population weight gain
Researchers at King's College London have found that patients prescribed any of the 12 most commonly used antidepressants were 21% more likely to experience an episode of gain weight than those not taking the drugs, (after adjusting for other factors which might affect this result). The full research is published in the BMJ. They also found that the increased relative risk of weight gain hits its peak after two to three years of continued use and that for patients classified as ...
King's College London - 5/23/2018
Posttraumatic stress affects academics
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) caused by traumatic military experiences is associated with feelings of anxiety, anger, sadness and/or guilt. New Penn State research is evaluating how PTSD symptoms increase risks for academic difficulties as well. Steffany Fredman, assistant professor of human development and family studies and the Karl R. Fink and Diane Wendle Fink Early Career Professor for the Study of Families, wanted to explore one potential process by which PTSD ...
Penn State - 5/22/2018
Developmental psychotherapy for antisocial adolescents
Antisocial behavior is common during adolescence and incurs significant costs both for society and for the young people themselves. While most adolescents will not continue on a trajectory of antisocial behavior as they age, they may still be affected years later in terms of educational and employment opportunities. Moreover, persistent antisocial behavior places a heavy burden on the community, the justice system, and the public health system. Consequences include high levels of personal ...
Bentham Science Publishers - 5/18/2018
New hope for patients with depression and anxiety: Strong link between depression and anxiety disorders with chronic thyroid disease
There is a strong link between depression and anxiety disorders and autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT), a chronic thyroid condition affecting approximately 10 percent of the population. Scientists at FAU have now proven that special treatment could help many sufferers, especially women. Their findings have been published in the leading international psychiatry journal ‘JAMA Psychiatry’ from the American Medical Association ...
University of Erlangen-Nuremberg - 5/15/2018
Job strain linked to onset of common mental illness: Workplaces that reduce job strain could prevent up to 14 percent of new cases of common mental illness from occurring, according to new research
Published today in The Lancet Psychiatry, the results from the study confirm that high job strain is associated with an increased risk of developing common mental disorders such as depression and anxiety amongst middle-aged workers. Job strain is a term used to describe the combination of high work pace, intensity, and conflicting demands, coupled with low control or decision-making capacity.
Black Dog Institute - 5/14/2018
How parents cause children's friendships to end
Making a friend is hard work. Keeping one is even harder, especially for young children. A novel study published in the Journal of Family Psychology sheds light on why childhood friendships fall apart and is the first to demonstrate that parents are an important source of these breakups. Looking at data from 1,523 children (766 boys) from grades one to six, researchers from Florida Atlantic University and the University of Jyvaskyla in Finland conducted a survival analysis to identify the ...
Florida Atlantic University - 5/10/2018
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