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ADHD medication reduces risky behavior in children, teens
New research provides some of the first evidence that medications taken by millions of American children to treat attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) offer long-term benefits. Based on an analysis of Medicaid claims for nearly 150,000 children diagnosed with ADHD in South Carolina between 2003 and 2013, researchers including Princeton University postdoctoral associate Anna Chorniy found treatment with ADHD medication made children less likely to ...
Princeton University - 7/27/2016
Lack of Sleep Increases a Child's Risk for Emotional Disorders Later: NIH-funded Study Reveals Long-term Emotional Effects of Poor Sleep
When asked how lack of sleep affects emotions, common responses are usually grumpy, foggy and short-tempered. While many jokes are made about how sleep deprivation turns the nicest of people into a Jekyll and Hyde, not getting enough shut-eye can lead to far more serious consequences than irritability, difficulty concentrating and impatience.
University of Houston - 7/22/2016
Behavioural Activation as effective as CBT for depression, at lower cost
A simple and inexpensive therapy is equally as effective at treating depression as the “gold standard” of Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), a largescale study has concluded. Behavioural Activation (BA) is relatively simple, meaning it can be delivered by more junior staff with less training, making it a cost-effective option. It is around 20 per cent cheaper than CBT, meaning it could help ease current difficulties in accessing therapy, and could make it more realistic to deliver for a ...
University of Exeter - 7/22/2016
One-third of students report elevated psychological distress, survey shows: Screen time, social media use and problem gaming are on the rise
More than one in three -- an estimated 328,000 -- students in grades seven to 12 report moderate-to-serious psychological distress, according to new survey results in Ontario, Canada. Girls are twice as likely as boys to experience psychological distress, the study indicates.
ScienceDaily - 7/21/2016
Gay, lesbian and bisexual youth have higher rates of disordered eating behaviours: UBC study
Sexual minority boys and girls are more likely to purge or take laxatives, use diet pills, or fast to lose weight than their straight peers, and those disordered eating trends may not be improving, according to new research from the University of British Columbia. The study, which analyzed data from youth ages 12 to 18, found disparities in the rate of these behaviours between sexual minority teens and heterosexual youth. Although disordered eating behaviours appear to be declining for ...
University of British Columbia - 7/21/2016
One-third of women with ADHD have anxiety disorders, almost half have considered suicide
Women with ADHD are much more likely to have a wide range of mental and physical health problems in comparison to women without ADHD, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Toronto. "The prevalence of mental illness among women with ADHD was disturbingly high with 46% having seriously considered suicide, 36% having generalized anxiety disorder, 31% having major depressive disorder and 39% having substance abuse problems at some point in their life," ...
EurekAlert - 7/20/2016
Do ADHD Medicines Boost Substance Abuse Risk? Chances were actually lower the earlier stimulants were started, and the longer they were taken
Parents often worry that their children who take stimulants to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be at higher risk for substance abuse later. Now, a surprising new study finds that risk was actually lower when medicines such as Ritalin and Adderall were started earlier and taken longer. "Most notably, the risk of substance use in adolescents who had been treated at an earlier age and for a longer duration with stimulant ADHD medications was the same as for the ...
HealthDay - 7/15/2016
Study Points to Fast-Acting Drug for OCD
A single chemical receptor in the brain is responsible for a range of symptoms in mice that are reminiscent of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), according to a Duke University study that appears online in the journal Biological Psychiatry. The findings provide a new mechanistic understanding of OCD and other psychiatric disorders and suggest that they are highly amenable to treatment using a class of drugs that has already been investigated in clinical trials.
Duke University - 7/15/2016
Students' PTSD symptoms fluctuate greatly during first year of college: Most see symptoms moderate, but alcohol consumption can make improvement less likely
A new University at Buffalo study is helping researchers better understand how post-traumatic stress disorder fluctuates in students during their first year of college. The segment of the young adult population with PTSD is particularly at risk for problem drinking and other harmful behaviors that can potentially exacerbate symptoms, according to Jennifer Read, a professor in UB's Department of Psychology and corresponding author of the paper published in the journal Psychological Trauma: ...
University at Buffalo - 7/13/2016
New antidepressant target discovered: Manipulating novel target could lead to new treatments
Northwestern Medicine scientists have shown how manipulating a novel target in the brain using gene therapy could lead to new treatments for depression. The investigators showed decreasing a set of proteins called HCN channels reduced depression-like behavior in mice. If replicated in humans, the findings could inform fresh therapies for millions of patients who do not respond to existing treatments for depression. "Drugs currently available for treating depression help most patients, but ...
EurekAlert - 7/12/2016
Metabolic syndrome linked to sexual dysfunction in older women: Postmenopausal women with metabolic syndrome report lower sexual activity, desire, and sexual satisfaction, according to a new report in The American Journal of Medicine
Understanding the effects of age and disease on sexual wellbeing is crucial as sexual health is increasingly associated with vitality. In a new study published in The American Journal of Medicine, researchers looked at the role metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease play in postmenopausal women's sexual health. They found that metabolic syndrome was strongly associated with decreased sexual activity, desire, and sexual satisfaction and that specific cardiovascular events were ...
EurekAlert - 7/12/2016
Are narcissists addicted to social networking?
Social networking sites such as Facebook provide the ideal environment for some types of narcissists to promote themselves and seek the admiration of others on a grand scale, according to a study published in Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers. The article is available free on the Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking website until August 7, 2016.
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. - 7/7/2016
Link between stress hormone and obesity in depressed and bipolar patients
Low levels of the stress hormone cortisol are linked to obesity, high levels of fat in the blood and metabolic syndrome among patients with recurrent depressions or bipolar disorder. This according to a study at Umeå University in Sweden published in the Journal of Affective Disorders. "These results provide clues to better understand the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases in people with recurrent depressions or bipolar disorder.
EurekAlert - 7/4/2016
New study examines Freud's theory of Hysteria
New research from King’s College London has studied the controversial Freudian theory that Hysteria, a disorder resulting in severe neurological symptoms such as paralysis or seizures, arises in response to psychological stress or trauma. The study, published today in Psychological Medicine, found supportive evidence that stressors around the time of onset of symptoms might be relevant for some patients. This research is the first to robustly assess this key theory on what is now known as ...
King’s College London - 7/4/2016
Trauma induces more alcohol craving than stress among veterans with PTSD and co-occurring alcohol dependence
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol dependence (AD) are two of the most common and debilitating disorders diagnosed among American military veterans. AD and PTSD often occur together, and this co-occurrence has a worse prognosis than either disorder alone. Alcohol craving is related to relapse, but the relationship between PTSD symptoms, craving, and relapse is not well understood. This study is the first to explore the effects of trauma-induced and stress-induced imagery ...
ScienceDaily - 7/1/2016
3 Treatments Seem to Help Combat Binge-Eating Disorder: Review finds these methods may aid those with the most common eating disorder in the U.S.
New research finds that people struggling with binge-eating disorder -- America's most common, yet likely least-known eating disorder -- may have at least three treatment options to help them curtail their eating. People diagnosed as chronic binge eaters can benefit from cognitive-behavioral therapy, a form of therapy that helps patients understand the reasons behind their actions. That understanding can then help them change their behavior, said study lead author Kimberly Brownley. She's an ...
HealthDay - 6/30/2016
Helicopter parents: Hovering may have effect as kids transition to adulthood
As thousands of young adults prepare to leave the nest and attend college for the first time, parents may want to examine whether they are kind and supportive or hovering into helicopter parent territory. Parental involvement is crucial to a child’s development into an adult, but Florida State University researchers are finding that crossing the line between supportive and too involved could indirectly lead to issues such as depression and anxiety for young adults.
Florida State University - 6/28/2016
Not only trauma but also the reversal of trauma is inherited
Behaviors caused by traumatic experiences in early life are reversible. Researchers could demonstrate that environmental enrichment allows trauma-related symptoms in mice to be reversed. This is the first evidence that positive environmental factors can correct behavioral alterations which would otherwise be transmitted to the offspring. The symptoms and their reversal are associated with epigenetic regulation of the glucocorticoid receptor gene.
University of Zurich - 6/23/2016
Impulsive children raised in caring families drink less during adolescence
Years of research have shown that impulsivity in childhood is among the individual vulnerabilities leading to substance abuse, delinquency, as well as aggressive and antisocial behavior in adolescence and adulthood. However, a new study shows that impulsive children who were raised in less coercive families at the age of 6 actually drank less alcohol than their less impulsive peers at the age of 15.
ScienceDaily - 6/22/2016
Psychiatric diagnostic tools may not be valid for African-Americans
Depression in African Americans, according to Sirry Alang, assistant professor of sociology and anthropology at Lehigh University, is expressed in ways that are inconsistent with symptoms of depression laid out in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-V). The DSM-V is the primary source of diagnostic information, relied upon by not only clinicians and researchers, but also psychiatric drug regulation agencies, health insurance companies, pharmaceutical ...
EurekAlert - 6/22/2016
Childhood abuse and chronic parental domestic violence linked to later addictions
Adults who have drug or alcohol dependency have experienced very high rates of early adversities, according to a new study published by University of Toronto researchers. One in five drug dependent Canadian adults and one in six alcohol dependent adults were survivors of childhood sexual abuse. This compares to one in 19 in the general Canadian population. More than one half of substance abusers had been physically abused in childhood compared to one-quarter of those who were not ...
EurekAlert - 6/22/2016
Low attention control in early adolescence is a genetic risk factor for anxiety disorders
University of Texas at Arlington researchers have found that low attention control in early adolescence is related to a genetic risk factor for four different anxiety disorders. Young teens who suffer from anxiety are also more vulnerable to additional problems like depression, drug dependence, suicidal behavior and educational underachievement.
University of Texas at Arlington - 6/20/2016
How can a family function better? Get outside together
Getting out in nature, even for just a 20-minute walk, can go a long way toward restoring your attention. But does it have the same effect when you make it a family activity? Family studies researchers at the University of Illinois have looked at the benefits of spending time in nature as a family, and theorize that families who regularly get outside together tend to function better.
University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences - 6/20/2016
Antidepressive treatment during pregnancy can affect newborn brain activity
A new Finnish study shows that fetal exposure to commonly used SRI drugs may affect brain activity in newborns. The researchers suggest that the effects of drugs on fetal brain function should be assessed more carefully. Furthermore, indications for preventive medication should be critically evaluated, and non-pharmacological interventions should be the first-line treatment for depression and anxiety during pregnancy.
University of Helsinki - 6/15/2016
At Any Skill Level, Making Art Reduces Stress Hormones
Whether you’re Van Gogh or a stick-figure sketcher, a new Drexel University study found that making art can significantly reduce stress-related hormones in your body. Although the researchers from Drexel’s College of Nursing and Health Professions believed that past experience in creating art might amplify the activity’s stress-reducing effects, their study found that everyone seems to benefit equally.
Drexel University - 6/14/2016
Childhood abuse, parental death and divorce are linked to adult insomnia symptoms: Experiences during childhood are associated with poor sleep as adults
Child abuse, parental divorce and parental death, where shown to be associated with higher rates of adult insomnia. Mild insomnia was uniquely predicted by childhood abuse and divorce, and moderate-severe insomnia was uniquely predicated by childhood abuse and parental death.
ScienceDaily - 6/14/2016
Alcohol dependent individuals show greater risk of suicide in evening hours
A new study found that there is a circadian pattern of peak and nadir in the incidence of suicides committed in alcohol dependent individuals. Subjects who consumed heavy amounts of alcohol had a peak incidence of suicide at 9PM, and a low around 5PM. In contrast, the peak incidence was around 12 PM for those individuals who did not drink or drank moderately and a low at 4 AM.
American Academy of Sleep Medicine - 6/14/2016
Even when help is just a click away, stigma is still a roadblock
Stigma is a major barrier preventing people with mental health issues from getting the help they need. Even in a private and anonymous setting online, someone with greater self-stigma is less likely to take that first step to get information about mental health concerns and counseling, according to a new Iowa State University study.
Iowa State University - 6/14/2016
Blood test to personalise depression treatment for the first time
Scientists at King’s College London have developed a blood test that accurately and reliably predicts whether depressed patients will respond to common antidepressants, which could herald a new era of personalised treatment for people with depression. Guided by this test, patients with blood inflammation above a certain threshold could be directed towards earlier access to more assertive antidepressant strategies, such as a combination of antidepressants, before their condition worsens.
King’s College London - 6/6/2016
More sex partners before marriage doesn't necessarily lead to divorce
It's been established that having multiple sex partners prior to marriage sometimes leads to less happy marriages, and increases the odds of divorce. But sexual attitudes and behaviors continue to change in America, and some of the strongest predictors of divorce in years gone by no longer matter as much as they once did, according to new research by Nicholas H. Wolfinger, a professor in the University of Utah Department of Family and Consumer Studies and an adjunct professor in ...
ScienceDaily - 6/6/2016
Women and people under the age of 35 at greatest risk of anxiety
Women are almost twice as likely to experience anxiety as men, according to a review of existing scientific literature, led by the University of Cambridge. The study also found that people from Western Europe and North America are more likely to suffer from anxiety than people from other cultures. The review, published today in the journal Brain and Behavior, also highlighted how anxiety disorders often provide a double burden on people experiencing other health-related problems, ...
University of Cambridge - 6/5/2016
The rules of the game for children with ADHD
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) often display behaviors that are inappropriate for the situation in which they are in. They might move around in the classroom during a lesson, or talk non-stop and interrupt others’ conversations. ADHD is a neuro-developmental disorder that affects about 5% of children. Despite a considerable amount of research over many years, the causes of ADHD are still debated. A team of researchers may now be able to help explain the ...
ScienceDaily - 6/2/2016
Scans Spot Brain Region That Misfires in Depressed People: Contrary to previous thinking, the habenula is active during unpleasant experiences
A part of the brain that responds to bad experiences acts in an unexpected way in people with depression, a small study finds. One theory suggested that the pea-sized structure called the habenula was overactive in people with depression, so researchers decided to test that hypothesis. The investigators scanned the brains of 25 people with depression and 25 people who never had depression while they were shown images associated with receiving or not receiving a shock.
HealthDay - 5/31/2016
Lifestyle May Be Key to Improving ADHD in Kids: Healthier habits related to exercise and diet could help many with the disorder, researcher says
Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are often treated with medications, such as Adderall or Ritalin. But a new study suggests that parents can also help their kids by promoting healthy lifestyle habits. For the study, researchers looked at 184 children with ADHD and 104 without the disorder. The investigators found that those with ADHD were less likely to adhere to healthy behaviors recommended by the American Academy of Pediatrics, the National Sleep ...
HealthDay - 5/30/2016
Stress affects males, females differently
A stress receptor in the brain regulates metabolic responses to stressful situations differently in male and female mice, report researchers. The results could aid in the development of treatments for regulating hunger or stress responses, including anxiety and depression.
ScienceDaily - 5/26/2016
Workaholism tied to psychiatric disorders: A large national Norwegian study shows that workaholism frequently co-occurs with ADHD, OCD, anxiety, and depression
Researchers at the University of Bergen in Norway have examined the associations between workaholism and psychiatric disorders among 16,426 working adults. “Workaholics scored higher on all the psychiatric symptoms than non-workaholics,” says researcher and Clinical Psychologist Specialist Cecilie Schou Andreassen, at the Department of Psychosocial ...
University of Bergen - 5/25/2016
Internet addiction and school burnout feed into each other
Excessive internet use contributes to the development of school burnout. School burnout, in turn, may lead to excessive internet use or digital addiction. Mind the Gap, a longitudinal research project funded by the Academy of Finland, has established a link between digital addiction and school burnout in both comprehensive school and upper secondary school students. The results of the Finnish study were published in May 2016 in the Journal of Youth and Adolescence.
EurekAlert - 5/24/2016
Depression lowers women's chances of pregnancy, BU study finds
Women with severe depressive symptoms have a decreased chance of becoming pregnant, while the use of psychotropic medications does not appear to harm fertility, a study by researchers from the Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine shows. The study, published in the American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, found a 38 percent decrease in the average probability of conception in a given menstrual cycle among women who reported severe depressive ...
Boston University Medical Center - 5/24/2016
ADHD may emerge after childhood for some people, according to new study
While it is well established that childhood ADHD may continue into adulthood, new research by King's College London suggests that for some people the disorder does not emerge until after childhood. Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a developmental disorder marked by inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity and is one of the most common behavioural disorders in children. It is widely believed that adult ADHD is the continuation of the disorder from childhood. However, ...
ScienceDaily - 5/18/2016
How to calm an anxious mind: Researchers are making mental health treatments easier 'for those who need it most'
Anxiety disorders and related problems such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are among the most common mental health conditions. While effective therapies for these often-debilitating disorders exist, many sufferers find them very difficult to engage with or complete. This prompted researchers to look for ways to make treatment easier to handle for those who need it most.
ScienceDaily - 5/18/2016
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