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Rates of depression and substance use higher for pregnant teens, study finds
Researchers from Lawson Health Research Institute and Brescia University College found that teenage pregnant women are more likely to live in poverty, have poorer mental health and have higher rates of substance use. There are limited Canadian studies on teenage pregnancies, in particular looking at risk factors and birth outcomes compared to women who became pregnant during adulthood. London researchers were able to take advantage of a large sample of pregnant women ...
Lawson Health Research Institute - 12/18/2019
Depression and suicide risk linked to air pollution
People exposed to higher levels of air pollution are more likely to experience depression or die by suicide, finds a new analysis led by UCL. The first systematic review and meta-analysis of evidence connecting air pollution and a range of mental health problems, published in Environmental Health Perspectives, reviewed study data from 16 countries. The researchers found that, if the relationship with depression reported in some of these studies is causal, then reducing global ...
University College London - 12/18/2019
Study reveals increased cannabis use in individuals with depression
The prevalence of cannabis, or marijuana, use in the United States increased from 2005 to 2017 among persons with and without depression and was approximately twice as common among those with depression in 2017. The findings, which are published in Addiction, come from a survey-based study of 728,691 persons aged 12 years or older. "Perception of great risk associated with regular cannabis use was significantly lower among those with depression in 2017, compared with those ...
Wiley - 12/9/2019
Bullying others increases the risk of developing mental health problems and vice versa
A new study at Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health suggests there is a two-way relationship between bullying perpetration and mental health problems among youth in the U.S. Researchers report that bullying perpetration increased the risk of developing internalizing problems, and having internalizing problems increased the probability of bullying others. While previous research has focused on the causes and consequences of bullying victimization, this is the first study to ...
Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health - 12/4/2019
Single dose of ketamine plus talk therapy may reduce alcohol use
A single infusion of ketamine, combined with outpatient behavioral therapy, helped alcohol-dependent individuals abstain from drinking for a few weeks after the treatment, researchers at Columbia University Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons and New York State Psychiatric Institute have found. The findings could lead to a new approach to the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center - 12/4/2019
Exposure to smoking in early childhood linked to hyperactivity and conduct problems
In a recent study, children exposed to smoking in the first 4 years of life were more likely to exhibit symptoms of hyperactivity and conduct problems. The study, which is published in the Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, found that the association remained even after controlling for family poverty level, parental education, parental history of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, hostility, depression, caregiver IQ, and obstetric complications.
Wiley - 12/4/2019
Chronic opioid treatment may raise risk of post-traumatic stress disorder, study finds
While opioids are often prescribed to treat people with trauma-related pain, a new UCLA-led study suggests doctors should use caution before prescribing the drug to those they believe may experience severe stress in the future, in order to reduce the risk the patient will develop PTSD. In the study, researchers administered doses of the opioid morphine to a group of 22 mice for one week, then gave the mice relatively strong foot shocks. After the morphine wore off, the mice were given ...
University of California - Los Angeles - 12/3/2019
Social media could be a force for good in tackling depression but for privacy concerns
Social media has been identified by a number of studies as being a significant factor in mental health problems, especially in young people. But imagine if the power of Twitter, Facebook and Instagram could also be harnessed to identify those with depression symptoms and signpost them to support services. By analysing social media (SM) content using machine-learning techniques, it may be possible to identify which SM users are currently experiencing low mood, and then use this to ...
University of Sussex - 12/3/2019
Mental health information in rural areas is best delivered face-to-face, study shows
Mental health is a concern in rural areas, as farmers cope with stress and uncertainty due to economic and environmental conditions. Often, there are no mental health providers in the local community. Public health programs can help, but what are the best ways to reach farm populations with those programs? That’s the topic of a new study conducted by a University of Illinois researcher.
University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences - 12/2/2019
Mental health program helps teens recognise and support peers at risk
A novel mental health program improves teenagers’ ability to recognise and support friends who might be at risk of suicide, according to new research. University of Melbourne researchers have evaluated the impact of teen Mental Health First Aid (tMHFA) – a universal mental health literacy program for high school students in Years 10-12 – as an intervention to improve peer support towards adolescents at risk of suicide.
University of Melbourne - 11/21/2019
Severe pregnancy-related depression may be rooted in inflammation
A runaway, inflammatory immune response may be responsible for triggering severe depression during and after pregnancy, according to a new study published in the journal Brain, Behavior and Immunity. Not to be mistaken for the rapidly passing “baby blues,” which is common right after delivery, pregnancy-related depression is a serious medical condition that can escalate in severity and may even require hospitalization. One in five new mothers experience depression after ...
Van Andel Research Institute - 11/20/2019
Many patients with anorexia nervosa get better, but complete recovery elusive to most: Study highlights importance of parents in defining healing
Three in four patients with anorexia nervosa -- including many with challenging illness -- make a partial recovery. But just 21 percent make a full recovery, a milestone that is most likely to signal permanent remission. These results, and more, are drawn from an online survey of 387 parents, of whom 83 percent had children with anorexia nervosa, 6 percent with atypical anorexia nervosa -- a variant occurring in patients who are not underweight -- and the remainder with other eating disorders.
University of California - San Francisco - 11/20/2019
Omega-3 fish oil as effective for attention as ADHD drugs for some children
Researchers from King's College London and China Medical University in Taichung, Taiwan, have found omega-3 fish oil supplements improve attention among children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), but only among those with low levels of omega-3 in their blood. The researchers say their results bring a personalised medicine approach to psychiatry by demonstrating that omega-3 only works for some children with ADHD. Previous research by the same group found ...
King's College London - 11/19/2019
Husbands' stress increases if wives earn more than 40% of household income: Study of US data shows persistent social norms about male breadwinning can harm men's mental health
Husbands are least stressed when their wives earn up to 40% of household income but they become increasingly uncomfortable as their spouse's wages rise beyond that point and are most stressed when they are entirely economically dependent on their partner, new research from the University of Bath shows. The study of over 6,000 American heterosexual couples over 15 years showed husbands are anxious when they are the sole breadwinner, shouldering all the burden of ...
University of Bath - 11/19/2019
Majority of childhood sex-abuse survivors achieve complete mental health: Social isolation, chronic pain, and a history of substance dependence or depression are impediments to recovery
Most research on child sexual-abuse survivors focuses on negative consequences such as depression and suicide. A new study instead examines factors associated with resilience and flourishing among adult survivors. "Remarkably, two-thirds [65%] of the childhood sexual-abuse survivors in our sample met the criteria for complete mental health -- defined as being happy or satisfied with life most days in the past month, having high levels of social and psychological well-being in the ...
University of Toronto - 11/19/2019
Borderline personality disorder has strongest link to childhood trauma
People with Borderline Personality Disorder are 13 times more likely to report childhood trauma than people without any mental health problems, according to University of Manchester research. The analysis of data from 42 international studies of over 5,000 people showed that 71.1% of people who were diagnosed with the serious health condition reported at least one traumatic childhood experience.
University of Manchester - 11/18/2019
Many insured Americans go out of network, pay more for behavioral health
Americans are using more out-of-network care and paying more out of pocket for behavioral health care than for treatment of other conditions, despite efforts to increase coverage and access to mental health services, according to new research. The study highlights access barriers to behavioral health providers that lead to high costs for patients, even for those who have private insurance, said lead author Wendy Yi Xu, an assistant professor of health services management and policy at ...
Ohio State University - 11/6/2019
Cannabis could help alleviate depression and suicidality among people with PTSD
Cannabis may be helping Canadians cope with the effects of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), new research suggests. In an analysis of health survey data collected by Statistics Canada from more than 24,000 Canadians, researchers from the BC Centre on Substance Use (BCCSU) and University of British Columbia (UBC) found that people who have PTSD but do not medicate with cannabis are far more likely to suffer from severe depression and have suicidal thoughts than ...
University of British Columbia - 11/5/2019
Fish oil supplements have little or no effect on anxiety and depression, according to new research
Omega-3 fats have little or no effect on anxiety and depression according to new research from the University of East Anglia. Increased consumption of omega-3 fats is widely promoted globally because of a common belief that it will protect against, or even reverse, conditions such as anxiety and depression. But a systematic review published today in the British Journal of Psychiatry, finds that omega-3 supplements offer no benefit.
University of East Anglia - 11/4/2019
Stressed to the max? Deep sleep can rewire the anxious brain: A sleepless night can trigger up to a 30% rise in emotional stress levels, new study shows
When it comes to managing anxiety disorders, William Shakespeare’s Macbeth had it right when he referred to sleep as the “balm of hurt minds.” While a full night of slumber stabilizes emotions, a sleepless night can trigger up to a 30% rise in anxiety levels, according to new research from UC Berkeley. Researchers have found that the type of sleep most apt to calm and reset the anxious brain is deep sleep, also known as non-rapid eye movement (NREM) slow-wave sleep, a state in which ...
University of California - Berkeley - 11/4/2019
Increased risk of suicide for teens who visit emergency for self-harm
Youth who self-harmed were five times more likely to have repeat visits to the emergency department, three times more likely to die from any cause and eight times more likely to die from suicide than youth who did not self-harm and who were matched on sex, age, and psychiatric and medical diagnoses. "Among adolescents who presented after self-harm, and who later had recurrent admissions for self-harm, serious and complex mental conditions were common, most prominently anxiety ...
Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Research Institute - 11/4/2019
Teens who have a loving relationship with their mother are less likely to enter abusive relationships
A mother’s warmth and acceptance toward her teenagers may help prevent those children from being in an abusive relationship later in life, even if her own marriage is contentious, according to a new University at Buffalo study. Previous research shows that adolescents who are exposed to marital conflict at a young age are at an increased risk to experience abuse in their romantic relations. However, the new study discovered that the child’s relationship with their mother serves as ...
University at Buffalo - 10/30/2019
NIH-funded study suggests acetaminophen in pregnancy linked to higher risk of ADHD, autism
Exposure to acetaminophen in the womb may increase a child's risk for attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder, suggests a study funded by the National Institutes of Health and the Agency for Health Care Research and Quality. The study was conducted by Xiaobing Wang, M.D., of the Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, and colleagues. It appears in JAMA Psychiatry.
NIH/Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development - 10/30/2019
In the Long Run, Drugs & Talk Therapy Hold Same Value for Depression Patients: New cost-effectiveness analysis comparing antidepressants and cognitive behavioral therapy over five years suggests new patients should have more access to talk option
Spending an hour in talk therapy with a trained counselor costs much more, and takes more time, than swallowing an inexpensive antidepressant pill. But for people with a new diagnosis of major depression, the costs and benefits of the two approaches end up being equal after five years, a new study shows. The analysis, conducted using real-world data on treatment costs, positive and negative health effects, and impacts of treatment and depression symptoms on productivity, could help guide ...
Michigan Medicine - University of Michigan - 10/28/2019
New findings could improve diagnosis, treatment of depression: Scientists find potential biomarker for major symptom of depression: lack of motivation
Researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, have identified biomarkers --genes and specific brain circuits in mice -- associated with a common symptom of depression: lack of motivation. The finding could guide research to find new ways to diagnose and potentially treat individuals suffering from lack of motivation and bring closer the day of precision medicine for psychiatric disorders like depression.
University of California - Berkeley - 10/28/2019
Breaking thought patterns increases chances of recovering from depression: Fewer patients relapse after metacognitive therapy for depression, new research shows
Depression is one of the most common mental disorders worldwide. It affects both individuals and society as a whole, in the form of lost work productivity, high mortality and lower quality of life. Unfortunately, it is typical for patients with depression to experience relapses. Research findings show that one and a half years after the end of treatment, only about 30 per cent of patients are still healthy. Fortunately, there is hope. A recent study shows that metacognitive therapy ...
Norwegian University of Science and Technology - 10/24/2019
Young mums more likely to have kids with ADHD
Young mothers have a greater chance of having a child with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) according to new research from the University of South Australia. Published in Nature’s Scientific Reports, the research explored the genetic relationship between female reproductive traits and key psychiatric disorders, finding that the genetic risk of ADHD in children was strongly associated with early maternal age at first birth, particular for women younger than 20.
University of South Australia - 10/23/2019
Exploring the Link Between Daily Stress, Depression, and Facebook Addiction Disorder
Researchers have demonstrated a close positive association between daily stress, depression symptoms, and Facebook Addiction Disorder (FAD). High daily stress can lead individuals to turn to Facebook use as a coping strategy, with depression symptoms serving as a moderator of this association, according to a study published in Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, a peer-reviewed journal from Mary Ann Liebert, Inc., publishers.
Mary Ann Liebert, Inc./Genetic Engineering News - 10/16/2019
Is bipolar disorder associated with increased risk of Parkinson's disease?
This study, called a systematic review and meta-analysis, combined the results of seven studies with 4.3 million participants to examine a potential association between bipolar disorder with a later diagnosis of Parkinson disease of unknown cause. The findings suggest that a previous diagnosis of bipolar disorder was associated with increased likelihood of a subsequent Parkinson disease diagnosis but subgroup analyses suggest the possibility of an overestimation of ...
JAMA Neurology - 10/14/2019
Study: Self-reported suicide attempts rising in black teens as other groups decline
Adding to what is known about the growing crisis of suicide among American teens, a team led by researchers at the McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy and Research at New York University have uncovered several troubling trends during the period of 1991-2017, among Black high school students in particular.
New York University - 10/14/2019
Rest may help reduce PTSD symptoms, UCL study finds
A period of rest following a traumatic event can reduce the subsequent development of involuntary 'memory intrusions'*, one of the hallmark symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), a new UCL study has found. The study, published in Scientific Reports and funded by the European Research Council and Wellcome, suggests memory disturbances in PTSD may be ameliorated by increased 'consolidation' (a process by which memories are stored and contextualised), which ...
University College London - 10/10/2019
Children bullied by friends and siblings are more likely to think about suicide in their early 20s
Depression, self-harm and suicidal ideation are more prominent in adults in their early twenties if they were bullied at home and at school, a study by researchers at the University of Warwick have found. Researchers stress that intervention is needed to educate people in bullying to reduce it. Professor Dieter WolkePrevious studies have identified that sibling bullying has an effect on mental health in adolescence, however researchers Professor Dieter Wolke and Dr. Slava Dantchev have ...
University of Warwick - 10/9/2019
Can being neighborly reduce depression in older adults?
In a Health & Social Care in the Community study of 10,105 older adults in China examined in 2011, 2013, and 2015, living in neighbourhoods with a higher level of neighbourhood social participation was related to lower rates of depression. Higher level of neighbourhood social participation is related to more time spent on physical activities and a higher frequency of contact with neighbours and with own children. "We highlight the importance of social participation--both at the individual ...
Wiley - 10/9/2019
Large Study Reveals PTSD Has Strong Genetic Component Like Other Psychiatric Disorders: Genetic data from 200,000 people reveals the heritability of post-traumatic stress disorder is similar to that of depression and other forms of mental illness
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders, affecting some 8 million adults at some point in their lifetime in the United States. Despite this, it is not clear why only some people who experience a traumatic event develop PTSD. Some researchers have suggested that the disorder is only a social construct, but previous studies have hinted that genetics plays a role. A new study identifies a clear biological basis for PTSD.
University of California - San Diego - 10/8/2019
Association of family relationships during adolescence with later depression risk
Bottom Line: Positive family relationships during adolescence appeared to be associated with lower levels of depressive symptoms from adolescence to midlife in this observational study of about 18,000 adolescents followed up until they were 32 to 42 years old. The study examined differences between males and females in depressive symptoms by levels of positive family relationships during adolescence as measured by family cohesion (adolescent reports about how much their family ...
JAMA Pediatrics - 10/7/2019
People with anxiety may strategically choose worrying over relaxing
Relaxing is supposed to be good for the body and soul, but people with anxiety may actively resist relaxation and continue worrying to avoid a large jump in anxiety if something bad does happen, according to Penn State research. In a new study, the researchers found that people who were more sensitive to shifts in negative emotion — quickly moving from a relaxed state to one of fear, for example — were more likely to feel anxious while being led through relaxation exercises.
Penn State - 9/30/2019
Which comes first: Smartphone dependency or depression?
Young people who are hooked on their smartphones may be at an increased risk for depression and loneliness, according to a new study from the University of Arizona. A growing body of research has identified a link between smartphone dependency and symptoms of depression and loneliness. However, it's been unclear whether reliance on smartphones precedes those symptoms, or whether the reverse is true: that depressed or lonely people are more likely to become dependent on their phones.
University of Arizona - 9/30/2019
New research finds coastal living linked with better mental health
Researchers from the University of Exeter used survey data from nearly 26,000 respondents in their analysis, which marks one of the most detailed investigations ever into the wellbeing effects of being beside the sea. After taking other related factors into account, the study revealed that living in large towns and cities near to England’s coastline is linked with better mental health for those in the lowest earning households. Approximately one in six adults in England suffer from mental ...
University of Exeter - 9/30/2019
Positive Relationships Boost Self-Esteem, and Vice Versa: Robust reciprocal link found across life span, study says
Does having close friends boost your self-esteem, or does having high self-esteem influence the quality of your friendships? Both, according to a meta-analysis of more than two decades of research, published by the American Psychological Association. "For the first time, we have a systematic answer to a key question in the field of self-esteem research: Whether and to what extent a person's social relationships influence his or her self-esteem development, and vice versa, ...
American Psychological Association - 9/26/2019
Stressed out: Americans making themselves sick over politics
Never-ending campaigns, social media, 24-hour news cycles. Politics are impossible to escape, even for the casual observer. But are policy fights and polarization more than a headache in the collective consciousness? New research from the University of Nebraska–Lincoln suggests yes — that we’re making ourselves sick over politics. Nearly 40% of Americans surveyed for the study said politics is stressing them out, and one in five are losing sleep. These responses and others show ...
University of Nebraska-Lincoln - 9/25/2019
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